Contortion (sometimes contortionism ) is an unusual form of physical display which involves the dramatic bending and flexing of the human body . Contortion is often part of acrobatics and circus acts.

In general, contortionists have unusual natural flexibility , which is then enhanced through gymnastic training.

Skills

Most contortionists are categorized as either frontbenders or backbenders , depending on the direction in which their spine is more flexible. Relatively few performers are equally adept at bending both frontwards and backwards.

Some of the skills performed by contortionists include:

• Frontbending skills such as folding forward at the waist with the legs straight, or placing one or both legs behind the neck or shoulders with the knees bent (called a human knot ). They may also pass their body through a ring or barrel while in a forward fold.
• Backbending skills such as touching one's head to one's feet, or all the way to the buttocks (called a head-seat ), while standing, lying on the floor, or in a handstand. A Marinelli bend is a backbend while supported only by a grip at the top of a short post that is held in the mouth.
• Splits and oversplits (a split of more than 180 degrees) may be included in frontbending or backbending acts. An oversplit may be performed while the feet are supported by two chairs or by two assistants.
• Enterology is the practice of squeezing one's body into a small, knee-high box or other container which appears to be much too small for a person to fit in.
• Dislocations of the shoulders or hip joints are sometimes performed as a short novelty act by itself. One example is lifting the arm to the side until it passes behind the head and lies across the top of the shoulders.

Types of performances

Like other visual arts , a contortion performance can convey any of several emotions, depending on the choreography and costumes that are chosen, as well as the personality and acting skills of the performer. Performers might choose a style that is beautiful , athletic, weird, shocking, sensual, erotic or humorous , and each has fans that prefer that particular style, sometimes to the exclusion of other styles.

Some special types of performances:

• An adagio act is a slow, acrobatic dance in which the male partner lifts and carries the female partner as she performs splits and other flexible poses.
• In a rag doll or golliwog act, one or two assistants bend, shake and carry the contortionist in such a way as to convince the audience that the disguised performer is actually a limp, life-sized doll. The act usually ends by stuffing the doll into a small box, after which the performer gets out and takes off the costume.
• A Spanish web is a contortion act that is performed high above the stage while holding on to a loop in a thick soft rope that is hung from the roof.
• Other performers might manipulate props during their performance, such as spin hula hoops or juggle rings, balance towers of wine glasses, sink many pints, or play a musical instrument.

A contortionist may perform alone, may have one or two assistants, or from one to four contortionists may perform together as a group.

In the past, contortionists were associated almost exclusively with circuses and fairs, but recently they have also found work performing in nightclubs , amusement parks , in magazine advertisements, at trade shows, on television variety shows , in music videos , and as warmup acts or in the background at music concerts. In addition, contortion photos and digital movie clips are traded by fans on the Internet, and several web sites provide original photos of contortion acts for a monthly fee, or sell videotapes of performances through the mail.

Quelle: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contortion

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